Used on roads and runways as an environmentally friendly alternative to chloride-based salts, reducing corrosion risks.
Leather Tanning:
Acts as a reducing agent in chrome tanning processes to stabilize chromium salts and improve leather quality.
Oil and Gas Drilling:
Component of drilling fluids to control clay swelling and stabilize boreholes in high-temperature wells.
Chemical Synthesis:
Precursor for producing formic acid via acidification.
Reducing agent in dyeing, printing, and electroplating industries.
Animal Feed Additive:
Limited use as a preservative and pH regulator in silage.
Operation Precautions
Skin and Eye Contact:
May cause irritation. Wear nitrile gloves and safety goggles to prevent direct exposure.
Dust Inhalation:
Powdered sodium formate can irritate the respiratory tract. Use dust masks and ensure local ventilation in enclosed spaces.
Chemical Reactions:
Avoid contact with strong acids (e.g., sulfuric acid), which can release toxic formic acid fumes.
Environmental Hazards:
Harmful to aquatic life. Prevent spills into waterways and neutralize residues with water or appropriate agents.
Thermal Decomposition:
Heating above 253°C decomposes sodium formate, releasing carbon monoxide and sodium oxide. Use fume hoods for high-temperature processes.
Storage Precautions
Moisture Control:
Hygroscopic; store in airtight, moisture-proof containers (plastic or coated steel) to prevent clumping.
Temperature:
Keep in a cool, dry place (<25°C) away from heat sources or direct sunlight.
Separation from Incompatibles:
Store away from strong acids, oxidizers, and moisture-sensitive materials.
Labeling:
Clearly mark containers with hazard warnings (e.g., "Irritant") and safety instructions.
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