Sodium Formate

Main Applications of Sodium Formate

De-icing Agent:

Used on roads and runways as an environmentally friendly alternative to chloride-based salts, reducing corrosion risks.

Leather Tanning:

Acts as a reducing agent in chrome tanning processes to stabilize chromium salts and improve leather quality.

Oil and Gas Drilling:

Component of drilling fluids to control clay swelling and stabilize boreholes in high-temperature wells.

Chemical Synthesis:

Precursor for producing formic acid via acidification.

Reducing agent in dyeing, printing, and electroplating industries.

Animal Feed Additive:

Limited use as a preservative and pH regulator in silage.

Operation Precautions

Skin and Eye Contact:

May cause irritation. Wear nitrile gloves and safety goggles to prevent direct exposure.

Dust Inhalation:

Powdered sodium formate can irritate the respiratory tract. Use dust masks and ensure local ventilation in enclosed spaces.

Chemical Reactions:

Avoid contact with strong acids (e.g., sulfuric acid), which can release toxic formic acid fumes.

Environmental Hazards:

Harmful to aquatic life. Prevent spills into waterways and neutralize residues with water or appropriate agents.

Thermal Decomposition:

Heating above 253°C decomposes sodium formate, releasing carbon monoxide and sodium oxide. Use fume hoods for high-temperature processes.

Storage Precautions

Moisture Control:

Hygroscopic; store in airtight, moisture-proof containers (plastic or coated steel) to prevent clumping.

Temperature:

Keep in a cool, dry place (<25°C) away from heat sources or direct sunlight.

Separation from Incompatibles:

Store away from strong acids, oxidizers, and moisture-sensitive materials.

Labeling:

Clearly mark containers with hazard warnings (e.g., "Irritant") and safety instructions.