Zinc Chloride

Main Applications of Zinc Chloride

Metal Soldering and Fluxes:

Used as a flux in soldering to remove oxides and improve metal bonding.

Chemical Synthesis:

Catalyst in organic reactions (e.g., Friedel-Crafts alkylation) and dehydrating agent in laboratories.

Wood Preservation:

Impregnates wood to prevent rot and insect damage (less common now due to environmental concerns).

Dry Cell Batteries:

Electrolyte in zinc-carbon batteries for ion conductivity.

Oil and Gas Industry:

Used in well-treatment fluids to stabilize clay formations during drilling.

Textile and Paper Processing:

Acts as a fireproofing agent, dye mordant, and paper strengthening additive.

Medical and Dental:

Component in mouthwashes (diluted) for antiseptic properties and in embalming solutions.

Operation Precautions

Corrosive Hazards:

Zinc chloride is highly corrosive to skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. Wear acid-resistant gloves, splash goggles, and lab coats during handling.

Inhalation Risks:

Dust or aerosols can irritate the respiratory tract. Use NIOSH-approved respirators and ensure local exhaust ventilation in enclosed spaces.

Exothermic Reactions:

Dissolving ZnCl₂ in water releases significant heat. Add it slowly to water (never water to ZnCl₂) to avoid splattering or boiling.

Chemical Compatibility:

Avoid contact with strong bases (e.g., sodium hydroxide) and metals (e.g., aluminum), which may produce flammable hydrogen gas or hazardous reactions.

Environmental Precautions:

Prevent runoff into waterways, as it is toxic to aquatic life. Neutralize spills with alkaline materials (e.g., soda ash).

Storage Precautions

Moisture Control:

Zinc chloride is hygroscopic (absorbs moisture). Store in airtight, corrosion-resistant containers (plastic or glass) to prevent deliquescence and clumping.

Temperature and Environment:

Keep in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight. Avoid humid conditions.

Separation from Incompatibles:

Store away from bases, metals, and organic materials. Use dedicated cabinets for corrosive substances.

Labeling and Security:

Clearly label containers with hazard warnings (e.g., "Corrosive"). Restrict access to authorized personnel.